Difference Between Treated and Untreated Colombian Emeralds

Colombian emeralds are renowned worldwide for their intense color, purity, and brilliance. However, not all emeralds seen in jewelry or showcases are the same: some have undergone treatments to enhance their beauty, while others retain their natural glow just as they came from the mine.

Understanding the difference between a treated and an untreated emerald is key to appreciating its value, authenticity, and durability. In this article, we explain in simple terms what each one means, the types of treatments available, and how to identify whether an emerald has been treated or not.

What is a Treated Emerald?

A treated emerald is one that has undergone a process to improve its appearance, especially its clarity. Emeralds naturally have small fractures or inclusions known as “jardins.” To mask these, a material (such as oil or resin) is applied to penetrate the fissures, making the stone appear cleaner and more luminous.

This treatment is common and accepted in the international market, as long as it is disclosed to the buyer. The most traditional oil used is cedarwood oil, which enhances the green color without altering the gem’s structure.

Types of Treatments for Colombian Emeralds

Over time, different methods have been used to enhance emeralds. The main treatments include:

• Natural oils (cedar or linseed oil): The most traditional and natural option. Used to fill micro-fractures and improve transparency without altering the original color.

• Synthetic oils or polymers: Similar to natural oil but made with chemical products. The effect is more durable but less valued than natural oil.

• Epoxy resins: Provide a more permanent fix to fractures but may change the way light refracts, affecting the stone’s appearance. This treatment is known as “Perma.”

What Does It Mean for a Colombian Emerald to Be Untreated?

An untreated emerald is an exceptional gem. It means the stone has not undergone any intervention to enhance its clarity or color. In other words, it maintains its natural characteristics exactly as it was extracted from the mine.

These emeralds are extremely rare, valuable, and highly sought after by collectors and luxury jewelers because they represent the pure, natural beauty of the Colombian gemstone. Their allure comes exclusively from nature, with no enhancements.

How Can You Tell If an Emerald Has Not Been Treated?

To determine whether an emerald has been treated, there are professional methods available:

• Gemological certification: A certificate from a recognized laboratory will indicate whether or not treatments are present.

• Specialized microscopy: Under magnification, experts can detect traces of oil, bubbles, or fillers in the fractures.

• Ultraviolet light testing: Some resins or polymers emit fluorescence under UV light, revealing their presence.

Treated vs. Untreated Colombian Emeralds